Oven Temperature Conversion Guide — °C to °F, Gas Mark, Fan & Air Fryer
Interactive Oven Temperature Converter
Enter a temperature and select the oven type. All corresponding values are shown instantly.
Enter a number above — all oven equivalents appear instantly (e.g., 180°C = 356°F, Gas Mark 4, Fan 160°C).
Oven Temperature Conversion Chart
Quick reference for the most common oven temperatures used in baking and roasting.
| Conventional °C | Conventional °F | Fan / Convection °C | Gas Mark | Common Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 120°C | 248°F | 100°C | ½ | Very low — keeping food warm, meringues |
| 140°C | 284°F | 120°C | 1 | Low — slow roasts, stews |
| 150°C | 302°F | 130°C | 2 | Low — roasting lamb, pork shoulder |
| 160°C | 320°F | 140°C | 3 | Moderate — baked custards, cheesecakes |
| 170°C | 338°F | 150°C | 3–4 | Moderate — sponge cakes, cookies |
| 180°C | 356°F | 160°C | 4 | Moderate — most baking, bread, roasted chicken |
| 190°C | 374°F | 170°C | 5 | Moderately hot — pastries, puff pastry |
| 200°C | 392°F | 180°C | 6 | Hot — roasting vegetables, pizza |
| 210°C | 410°F | 190°C | 6–7 | Hot — naan bread, quick roasts |
| 220°C | 428°F | 200°C | 7 | Hot — searing meats, thin-crust pizza |
| 230°C | 446°F | 210°C | 8 | Very hot — broiling, steak |
| 240°C | 464°F | 220°C | 9 | Very hot — high-heat roasting |
| 250°C | 482°F | 230°C | 9+ | Extremely hot — searing, wok cooking |
| 260°C | 500°F | 240°C | 10 | Maximum — pizza ovens, professional use |
Gas Mark values per UK Government standards. Temperature conversions use the formula °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32 (NIST). Common uses based on standard baking and roasting guidelines.
How to Convert Oven Temperatures
Celsius to Fahrenheit
The standard formula for converting oven temperatures is: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32. For example, 180°C × 9/5 + 32 = 356°F. To go the other way: °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. So 350°F − 32 = 318, × 5/9 = 177°C, which rounds to 180°C.
Conventional Oven to Fan / Convection Oven
Fan ovens (also called convection ovens) circulate hot air, cooking food about 20% faster. Reduce the conventional temperature by 20°C. If a recipe says 200°C in a conventional oven, set your fan oven to 180°C. No need to adjust cooking time — the lower temperature compensates for the faster heat transfer.
Conventional Oven to Gas Mark
Gas Mark is a temperature scale used on gas ovens in the UK and Commonwealth countries. Each Gas Mark number corresponds to a specific Celsius range. Gas Mark 4 = 180°C (conventional) and is the most commonly called-for temperature. Gas Mark 1 starts at 140°C and Gas Mark 9 is 240°C.
Oven to Air Fryer Conversion
Air fryers are essentially small, powerful convection ovens. Reduce the conventional oven temperature by 20°C when converting to air fryer. Since air fryers cook faster due to their compact size, also check for doneness 20-25% earlier than the recipe suggests.
Temperature Guide by Oven Type
Fan / Convection Oven
Uses a fan to circulate hot air. Cooks food faster and more evenly. Always reduce conventional recipe temperature by 20°C. Common range: 100°C (keep warm) to 230°C (searing).
- Baking: 160°C (conventional 180°C)
- Roasting: 180°C (conventional 200°C)
- Pizza: 200°C (conventional 220°C)
Gas Oven (Gas Mark)
Common in UK, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand. Gas Mark ranges from ½ (120°C) to 10 (260°C). Gas ovens can have hot spots — rotate trays halfway through cooking.
- Gas Mark 4: 180°C — standard baking
- Gas Mark 6: 200°C — roasting, pizza
- Gas Mark 8: 230°C — broiling, steak
Air Fryer
Compact convection oven. Same 20°C reduction rule applies. Check food 20-25% earlier than recipe time. Common range: 150°C (frozen fries) to 200°C (chicken wings).
- Frozen foods: 180°C, 10-15 min
- Fresh meat: 180°C, adjust time based on thickness
- Vegetables: 200°C, 8-12 min
UK vs US vs Europe Differences
Recipes from different countries use different scales. UK recipes use Gas Mark and °C. US recipes use °F. European recipes use °C with fan oven as default. Always check which scale your recipe uses.
- UK: Gas Mark + °C (conventional)
- US: °F (conventional)
- Europe: °C (fan/convection by default)
Oven Temperature by Dish
Look up the right setting by recipe instead of by temperature. The Gas Mark column uses the same scale as UK and Commonwealth gas ovens.
| Dish | Conventional Oven (°C / °F) | Gas Mark |
|---|---|---|
| Meringues | 120°C / 248°F | ½ |
| Slow-roast pork shoulder | 150°C / 302°F | 2 |
| Sponge cake | 170°C / 338°F | 3–4 |
| Bread / sandwich loaf | 180°C / 356°F | 4 |
| Roast chicken | 190°C / 374°F | 5 |
| Pizza | 220°C / 428°F | 7 |
| Steak (broiling) | 230°C / 446°F | 8 |
Frequently Asked Questions
180°C (conventional) equals 356°F. This is the most common baking temperature and translates to Gas Mark 4 or 160°C in a fan oven.
Add 20°C to the fan oven temperature to get the conventional oven equivalent. For example, a fan oven at 160°C is 180°C in a conventional oven.
200°C is Gas Mark 6. At 200°C, a fan oven should be set to 180°C and an air fryer to 180°C.
Set your air fryer 20°C lower than a conventional oven recipe calls for. If a recipe says 200°C in a conventional oven, use 180°C in the air fryer.
A fan oven (convection oven) uses a fan to circulate hot air, cooking food faster and more evenly. Temperatures should be reduced by 20°C compared to conventional oven recipes.
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Last updated: June 29, 2026